2022-02-03來源：海文考研
1、①The U.S. Postal Service(USPS) continues to bleed red ink.②It reported a net loss of $5.6 billion for fiscal 2016, the 10th straight year its expenses have exceeded revenue.③Meanwhile, it has more than $120 billion in unfunded liabilities, mostly for employee health and retirement costs.④There are many bankruptcies.⑤Fundamentally, the USPS is in a historic squeeze between technological change that has permanently decreased demand for its bread-and-butter product, first-class mail, and a regulatory structure that denies management the flexibility to adjust its operations to the new reality.
（節(jié)選自2018年考研英語(yǔ)一Text 4）
【題目】
The financial problem with the USPS is caused partly by___.
[A] its unbalanced budget.
[B] its rigid management.
[C] the cost for technical upgrading.
[D] the withdrawal of bank support.
【解析】根據(jù)題干定位到*一段，前三句都是有關(guān)USPS的具體數(shù)字，屬于細(xì)節(jié)信息。第四句出現(xiàn)many reasons很多原因。緊接著下面就有fundamentally根本原因是，所以定位在*一段的最后一句。然后分析這個(gè)長(zhǎng)難句，USPS處在squeeze between 1 and 2中，1是technological change，2是structure. 2的structure后定語(yǔ)從句：denies management flexibility對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)B: rigid management。選項(xiàng)A，budget文中未有涉及。選項(xiàng)C，雖然有提到technological，原文technological change后的定語(yǔ)從句說的是“技術(shù)改革降低需求”，并沒有提到cost成本問題。選項(xiàng)D，the withdrawal of bank support銀行支持撤銷了，原文并沒有提及銀行支持，直接排除。
2、①And interest groups ranging from postal unions to greeting-card makers exert self-interested pressure on the USPS's ultimate overseer-Congress-insisting that whatever else happens to the Postal Service, aspects of the status quo they depend on get protected.②This is why repeated attempts at reform legislation have failed in recent years, leaving the Postal Service unable to pay its bills except by deferring vital modernization.（節(jié)選自2018年考研英語(yǔ)一Text 4）
【題目】
According to Paragraph 2, the USPS fails to modernize itself due to___.
[A] the interference from interest groups.
[B] the inadequate funding from Congress.
[C] the shrinking demand for postal service.
[D] the incompetence of postal unions.
【解析】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞：USPS fails to modernize定位到原文第二段最后一句，在這句前leaving，留下，導(dǎo)致這個(gè)結(jié)果，往前找原因，前一句提到reform legislation，而且這句前還有this is why，只要找到代詞this指代就可以判斷選項(xiàng)。代詞往前推，根據(jù)這句主干interest groups exerts pressure on Congress選擇選項(xiàng)A，interference 對(duì)應(yīng)exert pressure on。選項(xiàng)B，the inadequate funding from Congress，原文雖然有提到Congress國(guó)會(huì)，the aspect of status quo get protected，國(guó)會(huì)保護(hù)USPS，并沒有提及inadequate funding基金不足。選項(xiàng)C，the shrinking demand for postal service 郵政需求縮減，文中沒有提及。選項(xiàng)D，the incompetence of postal unions郵政工會(huì)的不作為。文章有提到工會(huì)，但是只提他們是屬于Interest groups，并沒有提到無作為。
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